History
In 1492 Europeans began to colonize the Americas. Many colonizers sought to dispossess Indigenous people of their labor, land, and, sometimes, their lives, and often tried to impose their religion and cultural practices. Nonetheless,…
All schools · Ivy League
University of Pennsylvania · History
9.3% of University of Pennsylvania's History course descriptions are framed from the left. Across all 100 schools' History departments, it is 8.3%.
0%35%
Where History courses fall
0%Far left92–100
0%Left75–91
94%Center-left59–74
6%Center42–58
0%Center-right26–41
0%Right9–25
0%Far right0–8
Furthest left
History
The ancient Greeks imagined a woman’s body ruled by her uterus, while medieval Christians believed in a womb touched by God. Renaissance anatomists hoped to uncover the ‘secrets’ of human generation through dissection, while nascent…
History
Course will focus on Baltimore using The Wire and its sequel, We Own This City, as core texts. Following the trajectory of The Wire, the course will explore the history and development of the city and its institutions with a thematic focus…
Furthest right
None. University of Pennsylvania History has 18 left-framed courses and not one right-framed course.
Why this number, in plain words
Share of courses described from the left. Percent of all courses in the group whose Framing reading is leftward: the description frames its subject one-sidedly to the left.
Counted: all courses in the group, including N and I. No interval is published for this number.
- Readings are of catalog description text, not of teaching, syllabi or individual professors.
Details: exact rows, definitions and method
| Name | Metric | Value | 95% interval | n | scored |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Pennsylvania · History | bias_left_share | 9.3 | — | 194 | — |
| History | bias_left_share | 8.3 | 7.9 – 8.7 | 17,232 | — |
- Formula
- 100 * count(bias_cat = 'L') / n
- Interval
- Wilson score 95% (wilson_interval)
- Model / prompt / snapshot
- gpt-5.6-sol · r12 (2026-10-16-le49-r12) · 6df50b10
- Metric caveats
- Right-framed courses are almost absent (33 of 124,290); this run cannot tell catalog reality from model sensitivity. Compare schools with adjusted_ratio, not this raw share, because department mix differs.
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